![]() ![]() It prescribed specific penalties for each crime and is among the first codes to establish the presumption of innocence. Unlike earlier Sumerian law codes, such as the Code of Ur-Nammu, which focused on compensating the victim of the crime, the Law of Hammurabi was one of the first law codes to emphasize physical punishment of the perpetrator. Hammurabi is best known for having issued the Code of Hammurabi, which he claimed to have received from Shamash, the Babylonian god of justice. This view has now been largely rejected, and Amraphael’s existence is not attested in any writings from outside the Bible. In the early twentieth century, many scholars believed that Hammurabi was Amraphel of Genesis 14:1, “And it came to pass in the days of Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of Goiim.” However, the identification is not certain. He ousted Ishme-Dagan I, the king of Assyria, and forced his son Mut-Ashkur to pay tribute, bringing almost all of Mesopotamia under Babylonian rule. ![]() ![]() During his reign, he conquered Elam and the city-states of Larsa, Eshnunna, and Mari. ![]() He was preceded by his father, Sin-Muballit, who abdicated due to failing health. 1750 BC (according to the Middle Chronology). Hammurabi (c. 1810 – c. 1750 BC) was the sixth king of the First Babylonian dynasty of the Amorite tribe, reigning from c. ![]()
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